Reasons of necesity of development of special high-speed spectrometers and teleradiometers with semiconductor detectors provided for researching spectroenergetic characteristics of optical radiation of flying vehicles and missile flames in natural conditions are given. Optical circuits and design peculiarities of high-speed diffraction spectrometers of BRS-6-type and teleradiometers of IBR-type developed and produced in SSC "RD&P Centre "Orion"" are presented. A brief description of two flying laboratories equipped by BRS and IBR devices and used for investigation of IR-radiation of aircrafts, helicopters, thermal traps (flying laboratory АN-12) ballistic missile flames (flying laboratory ТU-16) is given.